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　　Passage 6

　　Robert F. Kennedy once said that a country’s GDP measures “everything except that which makes life worthwhile.” With Britain voting to leave the European Union, and GDP already predicted to slow as a result, it is now a timely moment to assess what he was referring to.

　　The question of GDP and its usefulness has annoyed policymakers for over half a century. Many argue that it is a flawed concept. It measures things that do not matter and miss things that do. By most recent measures, the UK’s GDP has been the envy of the Western World, with record low unemployment and high growth figures. If everything was going so well, then why did over 17million people vote for Brexit, despite the warnings about what it could do to their country’s economic prospects?

　　A recent annual study of countries and their ability to convert growth into well-being sheds some light on that question. Across the 163 countries measured, the UK is one of the poorest performers in ensuring that economic growth is translated into meaningful improvement for its citizens. Rather than just focusing on GDP over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.

　　While all of these countries face their own challenges, there are a number of consistent themes. Yes, there has been a budding economic recovery since the 2008 global crash, but in key indicators in areas such as health and education, major economies have continued to decline. Yet this isn’t the case with all countries. Some relatively poor European countries have seen huge improvements across measures including civil society; income equality and the environment.

　　This is a lesson that rich countries can learn: When GDP is no longer regarded as the sole measure of a country’s success, the world looks very different.

　　So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough. It does not include important factors such as environmental equality or education outcomes - all things that contribute to a person’s sense of well-being.

　　The sharp hit to growth predicted around the world and in the UK could lead to a decline in the everyday services we depend on for our well-being and for growth. But policymaker who refocus efforts on improving well-being rather than simply worrying about GDP figures could avoid the forecasted doom and may even see progress.

　　71.Robert F. Kennedy is cited because he ( ).

　　A. praised the UK for its GDP.

　　B. identified GDP with happiness.

　　C. misinterpreted the role of GDP.

　　D. had a low opinion of GDP.

　　【答案】D。細節題。問引用肯尼迪是因為什么。第一段肯尼迪認為GDP能衡量一切，但不能衡量什么讓生活更有意義�？梢钥闯鏊麑�GDP的看法并不是很高很積極。A選項，表揚英國的GDP;B選項，識別出幸福感與GDP;C選項，誤解GDP的角色;D選項，對GDP的評價很低。

　　72.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ( ).

　　A. the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern.

　　B. the UK will contribute less to the world economy.

　　C. GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK.

　　D. policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP.

　　【答案】C。是非題。能從第二段推斷出什么。從第二段可以看出盡管英國GDP增長迅速，失業率低，但群眾依舊選擇脫歐，說明人們并不認同GDP就是衡量成功的標準。A選項，英國人不愿意改變他們的經濟構成;B選項，英國對世界經濟的貢獻會更少;C選項，英國抗拒將GDP作為成功的衡量標準;D選項，英國的政策制定者對GDP的關注更少。

　　73.Which of the following is true about the recent annual study?( )

　　A. It excludes GDP as an indicator.

　　B. It is sponsored by 163 countries.

　　C. Its criteria are questionable.

　　D. Its results are enlightening.

　　【答案】D。是非題。該項研究以163個國家作為研究對象，發現英國并不能確保將GDP增長轉變為人民群眾生活的提高。除GDP以外，醫療、教育等因素也是衡量一個國家的標準。這樣的研究結果顯然是很有啟發性的。因此選D。A選項，它將GDP指標排除在外;B選項，有163個國家贊助;C選項，它的標準是有問題的;D選項，它的結果具有啟發性。

　　74.In the last two paragraphs, the author suggests that ( ).

　　A. the UK is preparing for an economic boom.

　　B. high GDP foreshadows an economic decline.

　　C. it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.

　　D. it requires caution to handle economic issues.

　　【答案】C。是非題。從最后兩段可以看出GDP作為衡量一個國家經濟的標準是遠遠不夠的，還應該包括環境問題、教育問題。決策者不僅要看GDP數字，更要考慮到人民幸福問題，這樣才能避免經濟低迷實現發展。A選項，英國正在準備經濟的繁榮;B選項，高的GDP是經濟衰退的前兆;C選項，考慮GDP背后的因素很有必要;D選項，解決經濟問題需要我們的小心。

　　75.Which of the following is the best title for the text?( )

　　A. High GDP But Inadequate Well-being, a UK lesson

　　B. GDP figures, a Window on Global Economic Health

　　C. Robert F. Kennedy, a Terminator of GDP

　　D. Brexit, the UK’s Gateway to Well-being

　　【答案】A。主旨題。全文以英國為例，講述英國GDP指數高但人民依舊選擇脫歐，說明GDP并不是衡量一個國家成功的唯一因素，而應該考慮到更多關于幸福的因素，例如環境、教育、社會等問題;A選項，從英國學到的一課：高GDP低幸福感;B選項，GDP指數，全球經濟健康的窗口;C選項，肯尼迪，GDP終結者;D選項，英國脫歐，英國獲得幸福感的通道。

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