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　　Everyone knows airline pricing is based on supply and demand. Fares are mores expensive during peak travel seasons like summer and to prime destinations like European capitals. So if a flight to Rome costs more than a flight to Milan you d think that demand for Rome must be higher or supply lower

　　What’s puzzling is that you can pay a high price to a given destination but a dramatically lower price for the exact same flight if you agree to go on to another destination.

　　Take Alitalia to Rome for instance for travel in August A round-trip economy flight directly to Rome leaving JFK at 10:05 p.m on Alitalia 611 on August 5 costs $1,655 when booked on April 30 Compare that to $903 for a round-trip economy ticket to Milan(stopping in Rome)leaving JFK on the exact same Alitalia 611 flight at 10:05 p.m on August 5. So why is Alitalia willing to fly you to Rome for $752 less than it would otherwise plus give you an extra one-and-a-half-hour flight to Milan?

　　Airlines have increased their profitability in recent years by segmenting the market for air travel and charging customers different prices for the same product. In this case the market is segmented based on demand for direct flights. Airlines know most people prefer the shortest route to their destination so they make customers pay up for the privilege of flying direct(They also make it a little more inconvenient if you don’t pay up for a direct flight in order to encourage you to fly direct)

　　When process become so obviously illogical it may be time to why air tickets can’t be transferred or resold just like any other normal product If the airlines are entitled to exploit the free market shouldn’t customers be allowed to do the same thing?

　　1. According to the passage, prices are normally determined by____

　　A. the relationship between cost and demand

　　B. peak seasons and prime attractions

　　C. the relationship between supply and demand

　　D. travel seasons and destinations

　　【答案】A。細節題。根據文段定位到第一段。我們可以知道這個一方面是建立在supply and demand，還有就是peak travel season和prime destinations，以及后文提到的destination。這樣我們就得知在文段中提及的有B、C、D三項。但是唯獨A項當中所說的成本和需求未提及。因此答案選A。

　　2. What is puzzling about the airline pricing to the author?

　　A. Price for the same flight to a nearer destination is higher

　　B. Prices for different destinations on the same flight are the same

　　C. Price for the same flight to a farther destination is higher

　　D. Prices for different destinations on the same fight are different

　　【答案】A。細節題。根據文段定位到第一段。我們可以知道這個一方面是建立在supply and demand，還有就是peak travel season和prime destinations，以及后文提到的destination。這樣我們就得知在文段中提及的有B、C、D三項。但是唯獨A項當中所說的成本和需求未提及。因此答案選A。

　　3. According to the example, how much should you pay if you fly to Milan from JFK and stop in Rome midway?

　　A. $752 for a one-way economy ticket

　　B. $1,655 for a round-trip economy ticket

　　C. $827 for a one-way economy ticket

　　D. $903 for a round-trip economy ticket

　　【答案】D。細節題。根據文段定位“booked on April 30 Compare that to $903 for a round-teip economy ticket to Milan(stopping in Rome)leaving JFK……”。故答案D項符合文意。A項在文段的最后一句提到，航空公司一般不會這么做，排除。B項是沒有經停羅馬的價格。C項沒有提到827這個機票的價格，故排除。因此答案選D。

　　4. Why may prices for direct flights be higher according to the passage?

　　A. Because all people prefer the shortest route to their destination

　　B. Because airlines take advantage of people’s preference for direct flights

　　C. Because connecting flights may cause inconvenience

　　D. Because airlines charge customers different prices for the same product

　　【答案】B。細節題。根據文段定位“……the market is segmented based on demand for direct flights Airlines know most people prefer the shortest route to their destination so they make customers pay up for the privilege of flying direct……”。B項符合，航空公司可以利用很對策略去增加自己的利潤，當然可以抓住消費者心理那就是較短的時間到達目的地。答案A項太過于絕對化，故排除。答案C項的原因是說因為飛機聯系比較不方便，文段說人們就是項今早到達目的地，所以航空公司是抓住了這個心理，故C項排除。D項僅僅是一方面，但并不是該題目的答案，排除。因此答案選B。

　　5. What’s the author’s attitude to the present airline pricing?

　　A. Neutral

　　B. Positive

　　C. Negative

　　D. Not mentioned

　　【答案】A。態度題。從整個文段作者表述的方式，就是客觀的表明機票的定價機制。并沒有針對這個問題過多的表明自己的態度。所以作者就是中立的態度。B項：積極的;C項：消極的;D均：未提及;均不符。因此答案選A。

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